Ice Age Floods National Geologic Trail
Peoples of the Floods

The water crossed homelands that were never empty.

The floods reshaped a country that has been lived in since time immemorial. The peoples of this land carry their own account of the water and the ground it remade. It is theirs to tell, and this is the doorway to it.

Where we stand
Read this first

This site is built by geologists and a mapping company. Neither of us is the right voice for what this land means to the nations who have always been here.

So this page does not retell anyone’s history, and it does not put words in anyone’s mouth. What it does is name the nations whose territories the trail crosses, honor that they are here now, and hold a place where , only with their consent and in their own words , their accounts can live alongside the science.

Two kinds of knowledge can stand next to each other without one being folded into the other. The cosmogenic dates and the oral traditions are not competing answers to the same question. They are different relationships with the same ground.

The nations of the flood country

Whose homelands the trail crosses.

Across the four states the floodwater touched, these are sovereign nations who live here today. We name them to honor their presence , not to speak for them. Names appear as the nations use them.

Montana
Confederated Salish & Kootenai Tribes
Séliš · Qlispé · Ksanka
Bitterroot Salish & Pend d’Oreille
Glacial Lake Missoula homelands
Idaho
Coeur d’Alene Tribe
Schitsu’umsh
Kalispel Tribe of Indians
Nez Perce Tribe
Nimíipuu
Washington
Spokane Tribe of Indians
Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation
Yakama Nation
Wanapum
Priest Rapids
Oregon
Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation
Cayuse · Umatilla · Walla Walla
Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs
Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde

This list honors presence and is not exhaustive. It is maintained in consultation. A nation that wishes to be added, corrected, or removed , your guidance governs, and we will act on it.

How this section gets built

The method is the respect.

When the field team travels this summer to capture the trail in 360° and from the air, that work stops at the edge of what is not ours to record. Cultural sites, stories, and presence are captured only where a nation invites it, in the way that nation directs.

Four commitments govern every word that appears in this section.

01
Consent comes first

Nothing is published without the nation’s approval. Silence is a complete and respected answer.

02
In their own words

Accounts are recorded by tribal speakers and elders , never paraphrased, summarized, or illustrated by us.

03
Owned and attributed

The content remains the nation’s property, clearly credited, and may be revised or withdrawn at any time.

04
Compensated

Speakers and cultural staff are paid for their knowledge and their time. This is work, not a favor.

In their words

The floods, told by the people of this land.

A series of recordings in which tribal members speak to the floods, the water, and this country in their own words. These are public recordings the speakers have shared; for anything more, the nations’ own websites below are where to hear directly from the communities themselves.

If you are from one of these nations, this page belongs to your guidance.

Cultural directors, THPOs, and tribal historians: tell us what you want here, what you want kept off it, and how you want to be named. We will follow your lead.

Reach the team →